As the largest potentially modifiable risk factor for dementia, hearing loss and dementia represents the intersection of two major public health issues. Our understanding of the potential relationship between hearing and cognition has grown considerably in the past decade. This presentation will review what is known regarding the association between hearing loss and cognitive impairment, including the latest research on potential mechanisms, risk factors, and the impact of treatment. We will also cover current understanding of the role cognition plays in otologic outcomes, specifically older cochlear implant users. Finally, the presentation will review the impact of hearing loss on the health and well-being of older adults who are already experiencing cognitive impairment. This session will be a tour of the cutting-edge research on hearing and cognition and equip the audience with key take-aways on how the current evidence translates to clinical practice.