The symptomology and theoretical framework of muscle tension dysphagia (MTDg) was introduced in a retrospective study conducted in 2016 by Kang and Lott, elucidating the need to establish a diagnostic and therapeutic paradigm for idiopathic functional dysphagia. The study revealed that patients with idiopathic dysphagia demonstrated normal findings on videofluoroscopic swallow study, yet showed evidence of laryngeal muscle tension with laryngoscopy. Many exhibited concurrent disorders of laryngeal hyperresponsiveness such as chronic cough, paradoxical vocal fold motion, globus pharyngeus, and muscle tension dysphonia. The study showed that patients with evidence of laryngeal muscle tension appear to benefit significantly from speech-language pathology intervention aimed at unloading laryngeal muscle tension. The proper diagnosis of MTDg is based on patient symptoms and exam findings. It offers a physiological explanation for etiology and a personalized medical and behavioral treatment plan. However, the use of the MTDg diagnosis without proper exclusion of other etiologies would be irresponsible patient care. We hereby propose an expert lecture that discusses the theoretical framework, evaluation, and management strategies for MTDg. Additionally, MTDg will be discussed in the context of surgical and procedural management of dysphagia, given that some clinicians have called for surgical management in this patient population. Presenters will discuss findings of a recent prospective study and supporting literature on MTDg performed by other researchers. These presenters have given a similar lecture at ASHA, 2020 AAO-HNSF Annual Meeting, 2021 AAO-HNSF Annual Meeting, and other conferences to great attendance and success. It is important to discuss this topic with otolaryngologists since they are typically tasked with the making the diagnosis and treatment plan. This lecture will aim to ensure proper diagnostic work up as this emerging diagnosis becomes more popular.