Advanced thyroid cancer is often encountered by otolaryngologists specializing in head and neck surgery and endocrine surgery as well as by comprehensive otolaryngologists in the private practice setting. Management of patients with advanced thyroid cancer can be challenging and there have been substantial changes in the available treatment options in recent years. The first goal of this session is to define advanced thyroid cancer. The second goal is to discuss the preoperative evaluation of advanced thyroid cancer including the role of diagnostic imaging and molecular testing. The specific mutations that can be identified in thyroid cancer and the targeted and non-targeted treatment options that are available depending on the results of molecular testing will be reviewed. Finally, the session will cover aspects of surgical decision making and the role of neoadjuvant and postoperative adjuvant therapy. This panel was presented at the 2022 Academy Meeting in Philadelphia. It was very well received and was given high scores by the audience. The organization of this one-hour session will mirror that of the 2022 panel. There will be a short introduction of key considerations in the management of thyroid cancer delivered by the panelists in a didactic format. The majority of the session will utilize multiple case presentations to illustrate state-of-the-art management of patients with advanced thyroid cancer. Case presentations of patients with advanced differentiated thyroid cancer, medullary thyroid cancer, and anaplastic thyroid cancer will be discussed. The main difference for the 2023 proposal is the inclusion of Dr. Bischoff as a panelist. As an endocrinologist with particular interest in the management of thyroid cancer and the Vice Chair of the NCCN Guidelines for Thyroid Cancer, her expertise in the endocrine aspects of advanced thyroid cancer management will be incredibly valuable.