Candidacy criteria for cochlear implantation have change significantly in recent years, including important changes in FDA guidelines. This panel will explore pediatric cochlear implant candidacy using a case-based approach to highlight contemporary and evidence-based decision making. Experts will present cases along a spectrum of current and expanded categories, such as very young children, unilateral sensorineural hearing loss, children with poor speech understanding and excellent low-frequency hearing as well as late-identified children and those with anatomic malformations. Pre-, intra- and post-op details will be discussed with an emphasis on speech and language outcomes following implantation. Experts will also share their experience, pearls, and pitfalls in parental counseling around implantation, especially as it relates to timing of intervention. Attendees should gain increased understanding and comfort regarding when to refer for cochlear implantation evaluation. Attendees are encouraged to bring their own cases for discussion as well.