Despite being a common condition that affects nearly 15% of the population, and despite much research progress made in the recent years, tinnitus persists a scientific enigma and remains difficult to treat in daily clinical practice. Tinnitus is known to be a heterogeneous condition, both in the way of manifestation and of generation. This presentation will provide information on the concept of a multidisciplinary approach in tinnitus management. Since the challenges of modern tinnitus management are not covered by any single specialty close collaboration across specialties is important. Core competences of a multidisciplinary tinnitus clinic (Otology, Audiology, Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Neuroradiology, Physiotherapy, Dental Medicine) will enable an individualized and stepwise diagnostic assessment and therapeutic management. The presentation will demonstrate state-of-the-art procedures in history-taking (questionnaires), audiological assessment and neuroradiological measurements and will have a particular focus on the screening for psychiatric co-morbidity. The heterogeneity culminates in the challenge for tinnitus treatment: A uniformly effective treatment for all tinnitus patients is unlikely. For each individual patient, a personalized treatment plan must be developed, considering the tinnitus profile, the co-morbidity, the psychological distress and the previous treatment experiences of the patient. This presentation will give an overview on the most important aspects of the contemporary therapeutic management of tinnitus. Some focus will also be placed on the treatment of tinnitus with neuromodulation. Techniques that can be used without clinical trials will be addressed here. Finally, sentences such as "you just have to live with it" should be avoided and, on the other hand, those affected should be given hope, encouragement, and realistic expectations about the course of treatment.