This session will provide an in-depth review of the history and development of surgery for otosclerosis. The session will highlight the most current techniques for otosclerosis treatment and will instruct participants on the various nuances required to be a safe and successful stapes operation. The session will also discuss important considerations in the pre-operative, intra-operative, and post-operative management of patients with suspected otosclerosis. Special topics will include revision stapes surgery, cochlear otosclerosis, endoscopic stapes surgery, and complications related to stapes surgery. We will discuss research topics that may allow new treatment options for patients with otosclerosis.